Vanity Or Valor When Lines Are Skewed - 1434 Words

Vanity or Valor: When Lines are Skewed. Often unaware to the reader, a story is routinely viewed through a particular lens. Our society has shaded minds to read tales through a black and white spectrum, but frequently the big picture of a story can be missed because it lies hidden within the gray area. Fairytales have influenced their apprentices to always look for a hero and a villain; however, similar to the real world, theses lines between â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong† become indistinguishably skewed. Sophocles’ Antigone is not to be viewed through the eyes of morality because together hero and villain lie within the motives of both the play’s main characters. Simon Goldhill asserts that â€Å"it is difficult, in other words to read Antigone without making not only moral judgments, but the sort of one-sided moral judgments that the play itself seems to want to mark as leading to tragedy†, but this frame of mind must be actively fought against. Th e â€Å"gray area† type of mindset through which this play must be filtered is established in the assertion that conformity brings peace, but conflict brings progress. The complexity of Sophocles’ writing pleads with its readers to carefully analyze the text a second, third, or even fourth time in order to grasp the ideologies of the author in their fullest extent. This paper serves to promote such an analysis through the careful examination of the actions of Creon and Antigone, as well as the means by which Sophocles develops his â€Å"gray area†

Social Protection in Developing Countries - 990 Words

The global crisis has sharply underscored the need to strengthen social protection institutions in developing countries, and especially in low income countries. Before the onset of the crisis in November 2008, a growing body of research had accumulated proving a comprehensive knowledge base demonstrating that social protection programmes are effective instruments in reducing poverty and enhancing human development. In the decade prior to the onset of the crisis a large number among the new social protection programmes had emerged in the South with a specific focus on children. Children are the largest group within the global poor, and by investing in children’s development, social transfers contribute to providing a permanent exit from†¦show more content†¦The issue how to finance an extension of social protection in developing countries calls for hard headed, innovative responses. The paper is organised as follows: Section two examines three approaches to financing social protection for children, including the resource mobilisation approach, which highlights the potential role of national government revenue collection efforts, and that of international aid in low income countries. It also considers the insurance approach which puts the emphasis on the socialisation of the costs of poverty and vulnerability. Finally it discusses redistribution at the national level as a potential means to finance the extension of social protection for children. The paper finds that it is helpful to cast issues of financing in a broader context than the techniques and mechanics of revenue collection of the machinery of redistribution, important though these are. An optimal financing mix should do three jobs well: (i) generate the resources needed to establish and strengthen appropriate social protection systems; (ii) ensure that the incentives generated by the financing modalities reduce child poverty and child vulnerability; and (iii) secure legitimacy for social protection institutions and policies. Section three examines the main issues involved in financing social protection in low income countries, beginning with a discussion of trends in sub-Saharan Africa,Show MoreRelatedBenefits And Drawbacks Of Cash Transfer Programmes Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesThese days, the world is still facing the poverty. The programme calls social protection was established to address poverty. Social protection has many forms including cash transfers whi ch are now popular and attractive by their accomplishments around the world. Unsurprisingly, cash transfer has been held by many as the latest universal panacea to attack poverty. However, there still be an argument over this belief. Therefore, in the essay I will focus on cash transfer programmes whether they areRead MoreThe Environmental Protection Of The Western World1406 Words   |  6 PagesAs the western world having reached a certain development of both society and economy, they transfer their passion to a new and growing movement which is the environmental protection that commonly involves wildlife and wilderness. This kind of transfer in social ideology can be understood as a transfer from anthropocentrism to biocentrism or aesthetic anthropocentrism. Several agencies such as WWF (World Wildlife Fund) and IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources)Read MoreEast Asian Development : Asia1532 Words   |  7 PagesEast Asian development Over the past decades, the East Asian countries have experiences massive economic growth for the policy change from protection centred to export promotion. Taiwan, Korea, and Hong Kong would be the good examples of this. According to Krueger (1997), during 1950s and 60s, it was the general consensus that â€Å"import substitution† was the basis for the development, however, Asian countries that applied free trade and promoted export has risen rapidly starting from Taiwan, whichRead MoreIndustrial Heritage And Its Impact On People s Behavior And Feeling778 Words   |  4 Pagesdown to descendants. The behavior of heritage protection is a process of inheritance. Heritage protection not only conserves precious historical places and objects, but also provides the authentic environments for people to experience and research history. The valued and diverse heritage can bring a great impact on people’s behavior and feeling. Industrial heritage, as an essential part of heritage, has become a booming industry in Western countries. Industrial heritage is the materialized symbolRead MoreChild Abuse Case Study1426 Words   |  6 Pagesperpetrated by parents and other caregivers in the United, Australia and China. The Foundation also worked with CiYou and organized an exchange program with Taiwan and the Philippines, which targeted key expert advisors in policy making on child protection and welfare in China. Activity 3.1: Provide technical advice to pilot efforts based on proven international practices. The Foundation worked with Zhicheng to complete the comparative study on the mandatory reporting of and immediate responseRead MoreInformation Security In Zanziabar Public Sector1465 Words   |  6 PagesThe information security challenges faced in Zanzibar are persistent in transitional countries as could be seen in the case study â€Å"state of Information Security in Zanzibar’s public sector† (Shaaban, et al., 2012). Most of these challenges are partly attributed to lack of proper budgeting for ICT infrastructures, cultural gap awareness, political instability, trust, business continuity plan, and inadequate human resource management to effectively manage this technology (Dada, 2006). The applicationRead MoreLiterature Review1343 Words   |  6 Pages Taiwan, Australia, and Germany. I will discuss the following: how patent and utility model contributes uniquely to innovation and technological growth to countries in different economic growth phase, in terms of total factor productivity (TFP), detailed costs and benefits, and commonality of each type of intellectual property (IP) protection system, conduct case studies on China, South Korea, Japan, and Australia by comparing the trend of patent and utility model application to the level of TFPRead MoreEthical Implications Of Businesses Polluting In A Third World Country1568 Words   |  6 Pagesthird world country Multinationals are being accused of exploiting the resources and workforce of third world countries. Agricultural businesses take the best lands for harvesting the export crops which lessens the amount of good land that the locals can use for their own food needs. Hazardous chemical industries and drug industries misuse the slack safety laws and cause huge disasters. Developed countries are depleting the natural resources of developing countries. Developing countries have naturalRead MoreEconomic Development Of Asian Countries Essay794 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of three Asian countries – Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Rapid growth of the Asian countries appears to be a starting point of studying economic development theory on practice. The importance of the study of the causes of rapid growth of the East Asian countries lies in the application of the results to other developing countries. The contrast between East Asian and Latin American experience has attracted a great deal of attention. The formerly centrally planned developing economies, notablyRead MoreSustainability, Protection And The Preservation Of The Environment Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pagesending supply of resources that humans need in order to satisfy their needs and wants. However, if you look at the world recently, humans have started to realize that these resources aren’t unlimited and have started thinking about sustainability, protection and the preservation of the environment. Looking at the limited supply of natural resources and the increasing utilization due to the growing population and consumption, if we do not come up with a solution to this global environmental crisis, the

Want to Do, Ought to Do Free Essays

Desiree D’Moore Mrs. Farley World Literature Honors February 18, 2013 As a child, decisions like finishing homework during free time or choosing to procrastinate for the last minute often arise, and the adolescent would usually chose the latter. This situation is one of the common, least life changing ones dealt by many people, while other predicaments can be on a more serious not, like choosing between what is moral and immoral. We will write a custom essay sample on Want to Do, Ought to Do or any similar topic only for you Order Now These accounts show that throughout life, situations arise and one has to think about how they should deal with it to approach a resolution. It might be easier to do what â€Å"we want to do† rather than doing what we â€Å"ought to do,† and take â€Å"the one less traveled by† as Robert Frost might say. These decisions must be made, no matter the size of the problem or the amount of effort. Through history, the arrival of choices between right and wrong make a large impact on how lives plan out. Simple situations like finishing a homework assignment can also be a conflict that a person has to deal with in life, and in the long run, can impact how lives plan out. Children and teenagers often choose to do what they want rather than what is expected of them. While as a child, one choses to do their work on time and in a correct fashion, their study habits and routine would remain consistent, and would carry these traits to their older years, creating a responsible adult. If one choses to slack off in school and not put their full effort, then more often than not, the person would continue being lazy when they are older. A small decision like doing homework proves that small efforts make a large impact on a life. Doing homework is done of the smaller decision that one needs to face when there is much more life changing decision which is made, life fighting for freedom. Historical events in history have altered what the world is today, and the decision between what they wanted to do and what they had to do play a large part of the outcome. The French Revolution all started with what the 3rd Estate, the largest part of the French population, had to decide for them: should they fight for equal rights or continue to allow the First and Second Estate, which consisted of the clergy and nobles, to live luxurious lifestyles for the peasants’ expenses? They wanted to fight for what they believed was right, and allow the government to be delegates instead of orders so each person would have a say, but they also had to remember that the nobles and clergy were in charge. In this case what they wanted to do was much more difficult than just doing what was thought to be the way it was supposed to be. The Third Estate came together and created the National Assembly, and eventually, made a more morally and economically correct France. Together as one body, because of one choice, they proved that they could overcome their obstacle and create more equal rights for their nation. From very small to very large decision, the course of a life can change drastically by one choice. Whether it is doing homework or fighting for equality, the decisions of doing what â€Å"we want to do† and what â€Å"we ought to do† clash together and created the possibility on putting one’s life in their own hands. With these simple decisions, the outcome can take a positive or negative turn and it is within the person to do what is right and just. How to cite Want to Do, Ought to Do, Papers

Fundamentals of Management

Question: Discuss about theFundamentals of Management. Answer: Introduction: This research study is a case study based on the Corporate Social Responsibility. This study requires analyzing the Corporate Social Responsibility of the Interface Inc. Company. is a commercial company that has a specialization in manufacturing of the good grade commercial carpets and flooring. This company is facing with the issues related to the problems of Corporate Social Responsibility and in the implementation of sustainability in the Company. Each year the company produces millions of dollars by the producing and the selling of the carpets. The company uses million of kilos of the raw materials annually that are generated from the earth and millions of litres of water for its manufacturing process. However, even after so much usage and wastage of the raw materials and water and emitting of the greenhouse gases, the company does not produce something that is recyclable. The company now wants to implement some measures to adopt sustainability development ("Interface Global", 20 16). The steps and requirement the company needs to do to implement the sustainability development are discussed in this case study. The Level of Social Responsibility that is Prevailing in Interface Inc.: The third level of Corporate Social Responsibility being prevailed in the company is the ethical responsibility. According to Matten Moon (2012), the Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility as defined by Carroll consists of four levels- Economic responsibilities, Legal Responsibilities, Ethical responsibility and Philanthropic responsibilities. The ethical responsibilities are the responsibilities that are not abided by any law to be implemented in the companies. These responsibilities are taken up by the company owners because they were thinking it to be the right thing to follow. The company owners or the shareholders or any of the employees do not have any obligations to follow these responsibilities (Cariel, 2012). Here, in this case, study too, it is the sole idea of the management of the Interface Inc. company on the analyzing of the processes of the manufacturing and to adopt the process of sustainable development and the ethical responsibilities in the company. (Navi, 201 2). For example, the management of the company after analyzing the process and the outcomes of it has decided to change the general requirement of water during the process of manufacturing. The company may decide to reduce the water utilization by reducing wasting of water and using only the actual required amount.. Social Responsiveness Strategy that is to be Required to be Adopted at Interface: As it could be realized from the case study given, the Interface Inc. Company requires developing sustainability and taking up on some ethical responsibilities in the company. The questions that need to be given a thought before taking up the social responsiveness strategies the changes in the production processes of the company are that even though the change is required but how much change is required to be done so that the company could be environmentally friendly even without getting its growth compromised (Pearce, Barbier Markandya, 2013). According to Christen Schmidt (2012), the adopting of sustainability responsibilities requires that the product produced could be again made natural and that too without leaving any toxin products behind or the product need to be renewable or recycled. In the case of the Interface Inc. company, the product that is produced is commercial grade carpets and this is neither recyclable, nor it could be made in to anything natural. The way only way to dispose of it is to dump it into the landfill. This means that one of the main strategies that the company requires to take up is the Change of the Designing Processes. The changing of the designing processes of the present designing and the raw material used for the manufacturing of the carpet would lead to the recyclable products. The next strategy according to Steurer Hametner (2013), which could be applied, would be the Change of the manufacturing process. The whole manufacturing process of the company requires being changed. The change in the manufacturing process would help the company to make the reduction of requirement for the petroleum- based raw materials and different other toxic based raw materials. A total new formation of the production system and a new business model of the company that supports and helps in the formation of sustainability- based commerce is required (Dincer Rosen, 2012) One of the important strategies that need to be adopted by the company is the Elimination of waste materials. As mentioned by Welford (2013), the company first needs to cut down its raw material consumption level and one of the best way to reduce this is the eliminations of the wastage of the raw materials and any other thing from each and every area of production and business. Apart from the changing made of the raw material, products and the manufacturing process of the company, the Interface Inc. also requires to Develop sensitize shareholders and other members of the company. The company needs to work on the creation of the culture where there is the usage of sustainable principles and it helps the employees, the stakeholders, customers, suppliers and all other people attached to the company, improve their lives and style of livelihood (Griggs, 2013). These are a few strategies that the Interface Company could adopt. Economically Viable of Sustainability for Interface: In the words of Giddings, Hopwood O'brien (2012), any company that has taken up the concept and the process of sustainability development would require an approach of the multi stake holder. However, to make a company sustainable the main thing that is required is the joint effort of the business companies and the government as well. A sustainability program could only be lead to success through the interaction and cooperation of the customers, employees and the workers regarding the changed value model of the business and the changed business model (Hopwood, Mellor O'Brien, 2012). For the development of the sustainable approach, the issues that need to be considered are present product design and the production processes that have been made without considering the concept of sustainable development earlier. Apart from these the other issues that require being addressed are the recycling level of the product, the amount of wastage management, resources, infrastructure, usage of pol lution free and toxic free raw materials, energy consumption and the market condition (Navi, 2012). Then while implementing the sustainable program, it is also utmost important for the company to see that it does not have to make any compromises with the company growth, production, level of output acquired, the demand. If all these requirements and the issues are successfully achieved and addressed by the Interface Inc. Company, then it can be said that the program of adopting the sustainability development in the company is economically viable for the Interface Company (Cariel, 2012). Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of sustainable development in Interface Inc. Company is economically viable. Swot: Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats Analysis of Interface Inc. Company: The SWOT analysis for the Interface Inc. Company could be done as follows: Strength: The Interface Inc. Company is a Company that would take the concept of sustainability development and produce different recyclable and environment friendly carpets. This is the area where the main strength and the uniqueness of the company lie. The producing of the recyclable carpets is a new and valuable concept. Weakness: The weakness of the company at the moments is in its process of production which is done without taking the concept of sustainability development in view. There is lots of wastage, usage of petrochemical products and production of toxin products too during the manufacturing of the carpet in the industry. Opportunity: As this company has decide not to use any more harmful chemical products such as petrochemicals and toxin product for the manufacturing of the carpets, therefore, the company has lots of opportunities awaiting. The competition level for the company would also be les as there are very less companies in this company that does uses environmentally safe technologies. Threats: The only threat company may face some problems while the implementation of this concept as it is a new concept and the Interface Inc. Company is the first one to implement it. Conclusion: The above is a case study analysis of a commercial grade carpet making company, the Interface Inc. Company which is based on the Corporate Social Responsibility that is to be adopted by the management of the company. From this study, it could be concluded that the company has not implemented any kind of concepts of the sustainability development earlier. However, the company is now keen of adopting these concepts. The different strategies are recognised and analysed that would help the company to implement the idea of sustainability development in the company. The adoption of the environmental friendly process for the manufacturing of the carpet may seem a good concept for the society well being however economically the process is expensive as it requires the change of the whole manufacturing process. However, it can also be concluded that the company would reduce the consumption of petrochemical products and water, eliminate any kind of wastage during the manufacturing process and r elease of toxin products. Recommendation: According to the study presented above the carpet company, Interface Inc. Company is highly recommended to adopt the sustainable development and the Corporate Social Responsibility approach as soon as possible. It is also recommended for the management of the company to consider the different concepts, approaches and the strategies before implementing all these ideas into the company the financial condition and the position of the company is also recommended to be analysed as the implementation of this concept requires the company to be financially stable because the implementation costs are higher and expensive. Reference: Cariel, A. B. (2012). Corporate social responsibility evolution of a definitional construct.Business society,38(3), 268-295. Christen, M., Schmidt, S. (2012). A formal framework for conceptions of sustainabilitya theoretical contribution to the discourse in sustainable development.Sustainable Development,20(6), 400-410. Dincer, I., Rosen, M. A. (2012).Exergy: energy, environment and sustainable development. Newnes. Giddings, B., Hopwood, B., O'brien, G. (2012). Environment, economy and society: fitting them together into sustainable development.Sustainable development,10(4), 187-196. Griggs, D., Stafford-Smith, M., Gaffney, O., Rockstrm, J., hman, M. C., Shyamsundar, P., ... Noble, I. (2013). Policy: Sustainable development goals for people and planet.Nature,495(7441), 305-307. Hopwood, B., Mellor, M., O'Brien, G. (2012). Sustainable development: mapping different approaches.Sustainable development,13(1), 38-52. Interface Global. (2016).Interfaceglobal.com. Retrieved 15 September 2016, from https://www.interfaceglobal.com/ Matten, D., Moon, J. (2012). Implicit and explicit CSR: a conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility.Academy of management Review,33(2), 404-424. Navi, S. T. (2012). Corporate social responsibility. Pearce, D., Barbier, E., Markandya, A. (2013).Sustainable development: economics and environment in the Third World. Routledge. Steurer, R., Hametner, M. (2013). Objectives and indicators in sustainable development strategies: similarities and variances across Europe.Sustainable Development,21(4), 224-241. Welford, R. (2013).Hijacking environmentalism: Corporate responses to sustainable development. Routledge.

The Regina Knight Case Essay Example

The Regina Knight Case Paper The legal citation of the case. Regina v [2001] NSWSC 1011 (8 november 2001) The elements of the offence. In order for a trial to be brought, the police and prosecutors might be able to prove that the elements of the particular offence are present. In this criminal case both Actus reus, Mens rea as well causation was clearly shown through the behavior of Katherine Knight. Actus reus is the term referring to ‘guilty act’ meaning any voluntary actions of omissions that constitutes to a crime, it is the physical element of an offence Her Actus reus is shown through her act of stabbing him 37 times and killing him. She also chopped off his head and cooked it with vegetables and skinned majority of his body. It is certain to say her act was intentional, malicious and evil. Mens rea refers to ‘guilty mind’ and is defined as the state of mind requiring constituting a particular crime which is the mental element of an offence. It is clear that the murder was pre-meditated. Her mens rea is shown more clearly by the comments made by the prisoner to other persons indicating intention, comments made by Mr. rice to others which indicated his fears for his life, comments of a similar kind made by the prisoner to Mr Price in the presence of others and the conduct of the prisoner in the days leading up to the murder. She threatened Mr. Price and said â€Å"You’ll never get me out of this house. I am going to kill pricey and I am going to get away with it, I’ll get away with it cause I’ll make out, I’m mad. The causation of the incidence was clear. She wanted to kil l him and she performed actus reus and his life ended on her hands. We will write a custom essay sample on The Regina Knight Case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Regina Knight Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Regina Knight Case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Factors that might have led to the criminal behavior. There are a few factors that may account to the behavior of Knight. It includes psychological factors, social factors, and self interest. Knight is said to have been diagnosed with the borderline personality disorder and to have suffered from a post traumatic stress disorder. Her borderline personality disorder may have contributed to the crime but is said by doctor Delaforce and lambeth that the murder was pre-meditated and her behavior highlights the malign nature of the prisoner. Dr. Delaforce also took into account that the prisoner enjoyed watching gruesome and disturbing videos entitled such as â€Å"Resurrection†. His Honour reflects â€Å"That video gave to the actions by the prisoner in relation to Mr. Price’s body a sense of â€Å"copy cat. Knight had almost performed the exact same task and scene of murder to Mr Price compared to the murder in â€Å"Resurrection†. Although nothing is 100% proven, she has said that she had been physically abused by two of her brothers when she was young and that on one occasion her father engaged in activity suggestive of some sexual connection with her. She has been in two de facto relationships and she claims that she has been sexually abused by David Kellet who was also unfaithful to her, which she results to have had a nervous breakdown. Knight says Mr. Saunders has also treated her very badly and was violent to her. Both of them explain that what she said about the sexually or physically abusing is not true and indeed that â€Å"they were the ones being assaulted by her†. Her self interest of revenge is the most major role affecting her to commit criminal behavior, her strong idea of revenge which leads to satisfaction. It is her nature to maliciously revenge anyone who crosses her and she believes that, that is what they deserve. The problem is not that she did not know it was wrong to do such thing, but that she did not care about doing them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The interview by Dr. Lambeth came to a similar conclusion of the prisoner’s interest and enjoyment in violence. Reporting and investigation of the crime. Citizens must play a major role in the criminal justice system by reporting crime. In the morning of Mr. prices death, around the 1st of March 2001, Police were called by next door neighbor Mr who was suspicious of Mr. Price as Mr. Price mentioned earlier to him Knight may kill him anytime soon. By reporting the police, action was able to be taken much faster by professional police and there was less time to get rid of evidence of killing for Knight. Police had found Mr. Price’s body to have been stabbed at least 37 times in various parts of his body back and front. His blood was found splattered and smeared throughout various parts of the house and in a pool. The police found the blood not fully congealed and had only dried at edges, of the 1st of March in 2000. An examination of the blood stains, their differing characteristics and pattern of occurrence in various parts of the house, establish that Mr. Price was first attacked by the prisoner in the principal bedroom of the premises at a time when he was in a recumbent posture. His body was found perfectly skinned his body and his head chopped off and boiled with vegetables. The way he was skinned was done professional and neatly and is required by a very skilled person with knife to be able to do so. Mary who has been working as a meat slicer in abattoirs for years is obviously a huge suspect. However Knight claims that she has no idea or recollection of Mr. Price’s death. She claims that she cannot recall anything and do not know about anything. The prisoner claims not to remember anything of the aftermath of killing. However so much evidence reveals that the murderer is Knight. The fact that the slicing of his body required a professional experienced person with the knife and the tremendous threats about the fact she was going to kill Mr. Price to Mr. Price and many others. The Plea Knight was arraigned on 2 February, 2001 on a charge of having murdered John Charles Thomas. She pleaded not guilty. The trial was initially fixed for 23 July, 2001 but was adjourned due to the illness of her counsel. She maintained her plea of not guilty and the trial was re-fixed for 15 October, 2001. After a medical assessment the prisoner was officially charged with the murder on 18 October 2001 and pleaded guilty to the charge. The court accepted her plea of guilty her conviction of murder was recorded. Factors affecting the sentence decision. The three factors that affect sentencing decision in this criminal case include aggravating, mitigating and subjective factors. Katherine Mary Knight has committed a murder which falls into the most serious category of murder and it is proven beyond reasonable doubt that the murder was premeditated. She used a sharp butcher knife to murder and stabbed him at least 37 times as well as perfectly skinning his whole body. Sometime before she murdered him she made numerous threats to him about his death. After she had murdered him, she stated that she had no recollection of the murder what so ever to the police. She tried to escape her position of crime by trying to blame everything on her mental personality disorder. She not only planned the murder but actually enjoyed the horrific acts which led to death and defilement. After the death of Mr. Price, she indicated cognition, volition, calm and skill and showed no remorse or guilt at all. There were four matters going on the mitigation of the penalty was the fact that the prisoner pleaded guilty to the charge of murder, the borderline personality disorder diagnosed in the prisoner, the absence of any prior relevant criminal record on the part of the prisoner and that the quality of mercy would not be strained were a finite sentence to be imposed on the prisoner. Although the prisoner claims to have no recollection of many events to the death of Mr Price, the horrific murder was premeditated. Even though she claims to have no recollection, her attempts to prove mitigation is regarded as nothing more than trying to block out the gruesome events caused by her. It is said by Dr. Delaforce that â€Å"she knew the nature and quality of the acts†¦was aware at that time that those acts were wrong. † Her actions were a sense of ‘pay back’ and she tried to make herself look mad. However Dr. Delaforce explained that the way she committed the murder showed the immorality of her actions which does not necessarily mean madness. The extent to which the law balances the right of victim and offender. The extent to the law which balances the rights of Knight and Mr Price seems to reasonably just. Knight committed a crime that is Knight’s life imprisonment seems pretty reasonable as she will be a significant threat to the community if she is set free and for her gruesome act of murder towards Mr Price. Knight had the right to put in an appeal, have strong qualified lawyers and to have a say. Although Knight is punished to life imprisonment, the tragedy of Mr Price and his family is not just. Mr. Price attended a chamber Magistrate at Scone Court House on 29, February 2000 and seeked an apprehended violence order and informed the chamber magistrate that he wanted to end his relationship with her to prevent her entering his life. The only problem is that he did not report it earlier and shortly after this visit, he died. Knight had the right to apply for an appeal, and although her appeal was through it was not seem reasonable and was rejected. The law succeeded in balancing the rights as it took under consideration the impact the situation had on the victim’s family. In order to be just it referred to previous cases such as (Regina v Previtera (1997) A Crime R 76; Bollen v Regina (1998) 99 A Crim R 510) and judging by precedent the penalty Judge O’Keefe J sentenced Knight was suitable. Despite the prisoner’s attempt of appeal later on, the dismissal of her appeal was also appropriate. The penalty given. The final penalty given to Katherine Mary knight is life imprisonment. Her murder fits in the most serious category of crime. The culpability of her truly requires a life sentence. A court is to impose a sentence of imprisonment for life on a person who is convicted of murder, if the court is satisfied that the level of culpability in the commission of the offence is so extreme that the community interest in retribution, punishment, community protection and deterrence can only be met through the imposition of that sentence. She also will be harmful if let out in the community, considering there is no possible alternative, no other penalty than imprisonment is appropriate. Katherine Mary Knight is sentenced for life imprisonment. Bibliography http://www. trutv. com/library/crime/notorious_murders/women/katherine_knight/4. html By Paul B. Kidd Copyright 2003, Paul B. Kidd Publications. All Rights Reserved http://www. philosophyblog. com. au/about-skinning-your-husband-and-cooking-his-head-katherine-knight-and-john-price/ November 19th 2006 03:52 ttp://www. australian-news. com. au/female_killers/Katherine_Knight. htm Copyright (c) 1998-2007 Australian News Commentary all rights reserved Anna Marshall 3 July 2006 Case: Regina v ? Knight ? [2001] NSWCS 1011 (8 November 2001) Last updated: 29 January Judgment date: 08/11/2001 Judgment of: OKeefe J Decision: Imprisonment for life. Case: ? Knight? V R [2006] NSWCCA 292 (11 September 2006) Last updated: 13/09/2006 Judgment date: 11/09/2006 Judgment of: McClell an CJ at CL Adams J Latham J Decision: Appeal Dismissed

Cetaceans Essays - Megafauna, Cetaceans, Cetacea, Whale, Free Essays

Cetaceans Essays - Megafauna, Cetaceans, Cetacea, Whale, Free Essays Cetaceans Whales, dolphins and porpoises make up the classification order Cetacea, which contains two suborders, Mysticeti and Odontoceti. The baleen whales are members of the Mysticeti suborder, while the toothed whales, dolphins and porpoises make up the suborder Odontoceti. Altogether, the two suborders contain eighty-one known species, separated into thirteen different families. In each family are a number of species, each classified further into 'sub-families', or genera, of which there are 40. What Are Cetaceans? There are many misconceptions about cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises), the most common of which is the idea that cetaceans are fish. They're not - they are mammals, like you and me. Millions of years ago, they lived on land; their bodies were covered in hair, they had external ears, they walked on four legs, they beared live young. As mammals, cetaceans have these characteristics that are common to all mammals: * They are warm-blooded animals. * They breathe in air through their lungs. * They bear their young alive and suckle them on their own milk. * They have hair - though generally only a few 'whiskers'. Another way of discerning a cetacean from a fish is by the shape of the tail. The tail of a fish is vertical and moves from side to side when the fish swims. The tail of a cetacean is horizontal and moves up and down instead. The Cetacean's Adaptations for Sea Life Over a period of millions of years, the cetacean returned to the sea - there was more food there, and more space than on land. Because of this increase in space, there was no natural limit to the cetacean's size (i.e. the amount of weight its legs could hold) since the water provided buoyancy. It had no longer any need for legs. During this time, the cetacean lost the qualities that fitted it for land existence and gained new qualities for life at sea. Its hind limbs disappeared, its body became more tapered and streamlined - a form that enabled it to move swiftly through the water. For the same reason, most of its fur disappeared, reducing the resistance of the giant body to the water. The cetacean's original tail was replaced by a pair of flukes that acted like a propeller. As part of this streamlining process, the bones in the cetacean's front limbs fused together. In time, what had been the forelegs became a solid mass of bone, blubber and tissue, making very effective flippers that balance the cetacean's tremendous bulk. After the cetacean's hair disappeared, it needed some way of preserving their body heat. This came in the form of blubber, a thick layer of fat between the skin and the flesh that also acts as an emergency source of energy. In some cetaceans the layer of blubber can be more than a foot thick. Breathing, Seeing, Hearing and Echolocation Since the cetacean is a mammal, it needs air to breathe. Because of this, it needs to come to the water's surface to exhale its carbon dioxide and inhale a fresh supply of air. Naturally it cannot breathe under water, so as it dives a muscular action closes the blowholes (nostrils), which remain closed until the cetacean next breaks the surface. When it does, the muscles open the blowholes and warm air is exhaled. To make this easier, the cetacean's blowholes have moved to the top of its head, giving it a quicker chance to expel the stale air and inhale fresh air. When the stale air, warmed from the lungs, is exhaled it condenses and vapourises as it meets the cold air outside. This is rather like when you breathe out on a cold day and a small cloud of warm air appears. This is called the 'blow', or 'spout', and each cetacean's blow is different in terms of shape, angle and height. This is how cetaceans can be identified at a distance by experienced whalers or whale-watchers. The cetacean's eyes are set well back and to either side of its huge head. This means that cetaceans with pointed 'beaks' (such as dolphins) have good binocular vision forward and downward, but others with blunt heads (such as the Sperm Whale) can see either side but not directly ahead or directly behind. The eyes shed greasy tears which protect them from the salt in the water, and cetaceans have been found to have good vision both in the water and out. Akin to the eyes, the cetacean's ears are also small. Life in the sea accounts for the cetacean's loss of its external ears, whose function is to collect

The Advantage of the Innovation in the Healthcare Services Essay

The Advantage of the Innovation in the Healthcare Services - Essay Example The telemedicine policy has enabled many rural patients to acquire proper and affordable medical care despite their social and living standards. It has enabled the healthcare providers to provide quality services to all in this state that is their primary goal. This has been fuelled by faster and easier means of payment as compared to a few years ago. Further, there are positive outcomes attributed to this policy as most patients have adopted it. The policy provides easier means of payment as well as delivery services to all clients. This explains why the innovation has succeeded in most stated. Moreover, the federal government has shown its support by providing the necessary infrastructure to enhance its workability. Payment of these services delivered by this means remains to be a significant challenge to clients. This is because both patients and the service providers face challenges when processing insurance requirements. Further, means of payment do not stream easily and faster as expected. Hence, it hinders all the players in this industry to take full advantage of this innovation. In addition, this policy has led to the rise in health premiums that most average citizens cannot afford with the current economic conditions in the country. Despite the merits and demerits attributed to this policy, the typical person is set to benefit. Hence, the adoption of this policy in most states is aimed at enabling the ordinary person to have access to quality healthcare. The level of its success in adoption is a clear indication that the system will be of great help to all in the country.

Foreign Investment in Japan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foreign Investment in Japan - Essay Example This dissimilarity in business culture is a vital key to increasing the stakeholders’ worth and for recovery of investments (Finance and Investment).  This dissimilarity in business culture is a vital key to increasing the stakeholders’ worth and for recovery of investments (Finance and Investment).  Cultural Influence One of the most overbearing impressions that Japanese business owners have is that selling out means that they have failed their employees. Their concern for the welfare of their employees after the acquisition has been made is important and they feel that local companies understand this much more than foreigners do. This issue is not limited to foreign buyers; even Japanese equity funds face great difficulties in acquiring Japanese companies. It takes a lot of hard work to convince potential targets to sell because of their concern for their employees. (ACCI Journal).  This is the basic reason for the low numbers of transactions when compared to th e USA and Europe. This raises the question with most foreign investors as to whether Japanese companies are for sale? Japanese companies can be acquired, but this has usually been an uphill task because of cultural barriers. Now the feeling is that Japan needs foreign investment for sustenance (ACCI Journal).  

Z302-summary 4 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Z302-summary 4 - Article Example For example previous research lacks emphasis on approach of terminal integration and different diversity values. Their research even shows that similar methods of diversity can not be implemented in different contexts and diversity management needs to be conducted in accordance to the context of the organization. They state that different organization has different cultures and operations and diversity management should be conducted while given emphasis to these elements. Their research even proposes that the approach of diversity management can help in identifying the nature of the effect of diversity on performance of different organizations. The research states that an organization can adopt a diversity management approach but they need to change their approach with changes in the environment and when organizations experience change they need to change their approach of diversity management. Lastly the research even provides insight to different stake holders such as researchers o n how organization can alter their diversity management approach to attain effective and efficient programs of diversity management. Olsen, J.E, and L.L Martins. "Understanding Organizational Diversity Management Programs: a Theoretical Framework and Directions for Future Research." Journal of Organizational Behavior. 33.8 (2012): 1168-1187.

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Kareem Canty Introduction The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is an agency within the United States Department of Justice. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives protects American citizens from dangerous and illegal activities involving, as its name suggest, alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives.â€Å" The mission of The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is to conduct criminal investigations, regulate the firearms and explosives industries, and assist other law enforcement agencies. This work is undertaken to prevent terrorism, reduce violent crime and to protect the public in a manner that is faithful to the Constitution and the laws of the United States (The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives). Though The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is a law enforcement agency one of the primary responsibilities is tax collection. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is responsible for taxes on alcoh ol, tobacco, ammunition, and firearms. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is an important agency protecting Americans. History of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has been the sole agency responsible for regulation and taxation of the above mention categories since July 1st 1972. However, some of the duties of The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives have existed in some form in the United States since 1789. Initially, these activities were performed by the Department of Treasury. On July 1st 1862, the Office of Internal Revenue was founded. This new agency was now responsible for all taxes, including those on alcohol and tobacco. The Office of Internal Revenue included enforcement agents to pursue those who evaded taxes. In 1919, the Volstead Prohibition Enforcement Act and the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution made it illegal to produce or transport alcohol. Enforcement of these policies fell on the Office of Internal Revenue. In 1920, the Prohibition Unit was created. This agency was made up of the agents focusing on liquor laws. On April 1st, 1927 the Prohibition Unit officially became a bureau under the Treasury Department. Congress established a new Bureau of Prohibition under the Department of Justice in 1930. This new bureau was now responsible for enforcing Prohibition. Then, the Treasury Department was still responsible for the tax and regulations associated with Prohibition, under the new Bureau of Industrial Alcohol. In December 1933, the Twenty First Amendment to the Constitution ended Prohibition. Shortly after, President Roosevelt created, via executive order, the Federal Alcohol Control Administration to regulate the newly legal industry. This agency was replaced in less than two years by the Federal Alcohol Administration (FAA). The FAA was founded as part of the Treasury Department, who was again responsible for supervising the alcohol industry. In 1934 the Alcohol Tax Unit was founded as part of the Bureau Of Internal Revenue. The FAA combined with the Alcohol Tax Unit. Prohibition, though over, resulted in a lasting culture of organized crime. Due to the violence resulting from organized crime, the National Firearms Act was passed in 1934 and the Federal Firearms Act passed in 1938. These Acts regulated firearms, largely via taxes. In 1942, the enforcement capacity of firearm regulation was entrusted to the Alcohol Tax Unit. Around this time, the ATU became known as the Alcohol Tax Division until the 1968 Gun Control Act. With this act, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives was now responsible for additional substances, including explosives. In July 1972, the Treasury Department Order NO.120-1 officially shifted all activities involving alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives from the Internal Revenue Services to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives After over one hundred years of restructuring, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has finally achieved stability in its structure and its dut ies. One major change the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has undergone was its adoption of anti- arson enforcement. In 1982, congress amended the original legislation that outlines the duties of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to include arson. Since the 1970s the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has grown both its budget and its staff. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has added over a thousand employee positions. Since 1973, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives budget has increased from $74 million to $1.07 billion (The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives). Budget In 2013 the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives total budget was $1,153,345,000. This budget covers The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives staff, operations, and programs. Though the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives collects taxes, that money does not found The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives activities. From the years 2007-2011, the ATF collected over $112 million. This money is turned over to the Treasury Department General fund. The funding from The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives comes from federal government. Before each fiscal year, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives submits a budget draft to congress. The draft includes information about the allocation and purposes of their requested funding. Congress edits and revises the budget as they see appropriate and then grants the funding to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. This budget includes salar ies of The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives 4,937 staff employees (The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, 2012). International Partners Though The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is responsible for enforcing laws in the United States, they also work along international organizations. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives works international to investigate and prosecute international crime. Some examples of these organizations include the United Nations, Interpol, and the G8. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has field offices in several other countries. They work alongside law enforcement, government officials, and policy makers in these countries. For example, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has offices in Canada, Mexico, Europe, Colombia, El Salvador, and the Caribbean. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has the most offices in Mexico, with five field offices in the country. Domestic Partners Since its beginning, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has worked closely with multiple other governmental agencies. Early on, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives worked with the Treasury Department and the now nonexistent Federal Alcohol Administration. Today the bureau works closely with state and local law enforcement. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives works with state and local law enforcement to implement laws and regulations, as well as to locate and prosecute those who break these laws. Also, the ATF’S leaders work with Congress on evaluation and budgetary matters. In â€Å"The American System† by Morton Godzins, the American government is described as very chaotic. Godzins discusses how multiple branches and agencies of government often overlap in function. He writes that successful collaboration requires agencies to openly communicate. To describe the intermingled functions of government, Godzin uses the analogy of a marble cake. This image illustrates the mixing of government functions as chaotic and unordered (Shafritz and Hyde, 2011). THE BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS AND EXPLOSIVES Today The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives today serves the same purposes as it did when it was founded. Their scope has grown to include numerous activities that are relevant to their purpose. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives organizes its activities into ten core functions. These functions include original objectives, such as alcohol and tobacco, the criminal firearm usage and trafficking and regulation of the firearms industry. In the 1970s, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives began including explosives, bombs, bombing, and the explosive industry in their responsibilities. As previously mentioned, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives began to investigate Arson in the 1980s, adding it to their core functions. The three remaining functions are more recent additions. The first of these additions is a focus on criminal groups and gangs. This activity is closely a lined with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firea rms and Explosives’ mission and values as criminal activity often involves the usage, purchase, or trade of the materials regulated by the bureau. The final two functions involve management activities and are also included in the strategic goals of The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. These functions involve the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives’ workforce and modernization. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives is constantly seeking to maintain and build a highly skilled staff. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives seeks a diverse and talented employee base. The final function, modernization, is a focus of many government agencies today. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives aims to improve upon its technological skills in order to remain effective and relevant in todays world. Strategic Goals In 2010, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives published its strategic goals for 2010-2016. Four of the six goals focused on activities relating to the mission of. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives These goals involve illegal firearms trafficking, criminal groups and gangs, explosives and bombings, and fire and arson. The remaining goals involved management activities. Those goals relate to work force and modernization. Over the past four years the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has implemented changes where needed in order to meet these goals. All of these goals contribute to The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives vision, â€Å"We protect America. We protect your community.†(The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives) The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives two management activities, modernization and work force seek to improve the internal operations of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Their modernization goal consists of modernizing business activities. This goal also involves updating procedures for information sharing and knowledge management. Finally, this goal also seeks the implementation of more innovative technology. The second management goal of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives attempts to improve its work force by attracting, developing, and retaining a strong work force. Both of these goals aim to keep the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives operating at its full potential. Victim/Witness Assistance Program Since the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives focuses on illegal activities, the agency frequently interacts with victims. In order to guarantee victims receive their rights as specified in the Crime Victim Rights section of Federal Law 18 United States Code, Section 3771, The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives established its Victim /Witness Assistance Program in 1999. This program enables the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives to provide victims with various types of support. The Victim/ Witness Assistance Program ensures victims’ safety, as well as providing them with other resources. These resources include, but are not limited to, on financial assistance, recovery of property, and referrals to other relevant support agencies. These support agencies can provide services such as emergency housing, counseling, and support groups. The Victim/Witness Assistance Program is implemented by twenty three Victim/Witness Coordinators. These officers can be found in each of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives field divisions located the across the country. These coordinators work closely with the United States Attorney’s Office, which has its own Victim Witness Coordinators. The Victim/Witness Assistance Program also works with the previously mentioned support agencies. These agencies can be located at both state and local levels. The program Coordinators also worked closely with local law enforcement agencies, especially concerning the safety of victims. While I found no criticism of the Victim/Witness Program, I also found no praise of the program. There seems to be little information available from other sources about this program. This is most likely due to the fact that the program is largely confidential and is only experienced by those who truly need its services, victim irrelevant crime. Conclusion The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives exists in order to protect American citizens and to keep their activities in line with the law. The bureau enforces laws and regulations intended to keep Americans safe. They are responsible for regulating the manufacture and trade of weapons and explosives and for controlling and preventing drug trade. Without The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, the United States government would have a very difficult time regulating these trades and enforcing these policies. Bibliography â€Å"Congressional Budget Submission: Fiscal Year 2013,† The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, accessed October 20, 2014 https://www.atf.gov/sites/default/files/assets/budget/2013-atf â€Å"Fact Sheet: ATF Staffing and Budgeting,† The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, accessed October 20, 2014 https://www.The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.gov/publications/factsheets/factsheet-staffing-and-budget.html Shafritz, Jay M. and Albert C. Hyde. Classics Of Public Administration, Seventh Edition. (Boston: Cengage Learning, 2011). Shafritz, Jay M.,E.W. Russell, and Christopher P. Borick. Introducing Public Administration, Eight Edition. (Boston: Pearson Education, Inc., 2013). â€Å"2004-2009 Strategic Plan,† The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, accessed October 15, 2014, https Explosives.gov/files/publications/download/sp/2004-2009/2004-2009-strategic-plan-vision-mission.pdf

Life with a Siberian Husky Essay example -- essays research papers

Life with a Siberian Husky I really had no idea what I was getting intowhen I decided to get a Siberian Husky for a pet. Don't get me wrong: Iwouldn't trade him for anything and I love him dearly, but this animal has hisown plan - his own agenda. The last three years of my life have been anawakening to the downright mischievous nature of these dogs. I've met other Husky owners and they all have the same stories of their dogs running away and possessing the trademark Husky stamina. They also tell of the little idiosyncrasies, such as their dogs "talking" and the way Huskies know when you're speaking about them when they are in the room. All of these owners are amazed at the Houdini-like capabilities these dogs have to help them escape any enclosure. I have a few entertaining stories of my own about my Husky, Khayman. First of all, he is the dog that everyone loves and no one wants to own. I can barely get anyone to watch him for more than ten minutes. It's not that Khayman is a mean animal--he isn't--he is just clever. Part of the reason everyone likes him is because of his looks, but mostly he's got a lot of personality. His bandit mask and two different colored eyes (blue and brown) get him attention, pats on the head, dog biscuits at the gas station, and royal treatment whenever anyone finds him on his escapades (which, mind you, have been many). His first escapades didn't take him far, mostly running down the street a few blocks after bum rushing the...

Management and Illustrations Pearson Education Essay

This workbook will support you in achieving all aspects of your Apprenticeship framework. This section will help you prepare for the ? rst visit by your assessor, and forms part of the induction to your Apprenticeship. In this section you will ? nd an activity to help you prepare and gather evidence for your assessment related to this topic: 1. Preparing for a Level 3 Apprenticeship Some of the evidence you will be asked to provide will be assessed both through documents and tasks that you have completed in your work and by direct observation. You might be observed by your assessor when you are working. Your supervisor or other colleagues can also observe you at work and complete a witness statement to give to your assessor. These observations should be of real work activities and not simulated tasks. If you are recorded while you are working, you may have to get permission from any colleagues present during the recording. The tasks in this Workbook will provide further evidence for all aspects of your framework. You will also take part in professional discussions with your assessor during the visit. Your assessor may want to discuss your progress with your workplace supervisor, so your supervisor will need to know the planned date of the visit. Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 1 1 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration 1 1. PREPARING FOR A LEVEL 3 APPRENTICESHIP As a Business & Administration Level 3 apprentice, you will play an important support role at work. You will be handling day-to-day activities in an of? ce setting within a business organisation. You could, for example, be working in a public sector organisation, a charity, a newspaper or in an of?ce in a retail setting. The exact nature of your job will depend upon your employer. However, it is likely that you will be helping the business run smoothly by doing tasks such as typing up meeting documents, handling spreadsheets, and dealing with incoming and outgoing post for the organisation. Ef? cient admininstration helps a business run smoothly. The tasks in this section of the Workbook will help you to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of your Apprenticeship. You will explore the components of the Apprenticeship, the strategies for assessment and the importance of the Apprenticeship agreement. This will help you to develop an individual learning plan (ILP), which will be reviewed on each assessor visit in a meeting you have with your tutor and your supervisor. 2 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING The tasks that follow will require you to study the Business Administration Level 3 Apprenticeship framework. You will look at the components of the framework and explain why they are important and how they will be assessed. You will also explore the purpose and usefulness of the Apprenticeship agreement. WorkSkills Unit 1: 1. 1, 1. 2 1 Task 1a Each Apprenticeship has its own framework. The Business Administration Level 3 Apprenticeship is made up of four elements. These are: †¢ employment rights and responsibilities †¢ competence-based element †¢ knowledge-based element †¢ Key or Functional Skills. Complete the table on page 4 to show the quali? cations that make up each element of your Apprenticeship. State the types of evidence you will need to gather. Entries for the ? rst element of the framework have been provided as an example. Once you have done this, develop strategies you could use to gather evidence for each element and suggest ways you could prepare for any tests in Functional Skills or Key Skills, and in the BTEC certi? cate. Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 3 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration 1 Element Employment rights and responsibilities Quali? cation Why it is important WorkSkills for It helps me to settle into my job Apprenticeships and the Apprenticeship and to understand important aspects of being employed. It helps me to assess my time management, learning and personal skills to ensure that I successfully complete my framework. It will help me to think creatively, enquire independently and solve problems. I will look at employment rights and responsibilities, current employment legislation and conditions of service. I’ll examine the role of the trades unions. I will also study con? ict situations and learn the steps to take where there is evidence of bullying or discrimination, and ? nd out about sources of support and advice both in and outside work. I will learn the skills needed to lead a team and the roles and responsibilities of a team leader. Types of evidence Completion of tasks and exercises in my Workbook. Performance evidence, such as observation record and witness testimonies from my supervisor and other colleagues. Work documents, such as contract, job description, payslip, and information about projects that I have worked on. Professional discussions with my assessor. Competencebased element NVQ It will enable me to provide a service level to internal and external customers whilst taking into consideration company expectations/standards and the company code of conduct. Witness statements from my line manager an other colleagues, Planning tools such as flow charts and work plans, Diary pages, Action plans and checklists, e-mails memos and letters. Knowledgebased element BTEC It will help me to understand how Completion of tasks in my to prioritize tasks and produce a workbook and Professional sufficient standard of work. Enable discussions with my assessor. me to understand the requirements of internal and external customers whilst maintaining budgetary requirements. Key or Functional Skills. Functional Skills are to ensure that you have a good level of job supporting skills in English maths and ICT. Assessment through examination. 4 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration WorkSkills Unit 1: 1. 3 Task 1b The Apprenticeship agreement is a contract entered into between an employer and an apprentice and the Apprenticeship training provider. When you started your Apprenticeship you would have signed an Apprenticeship agreement. The main points that must be covered in this agreement have been set out in legislation. Describe the purpose of the Apprenticeship agreement. Ensure that you cover all the main aspects of the agreement. 1 Agreeing the programme – Business Administration Level 3. Setting out the aims of the programme – to acquire a nationally recognized qualification in a structured programme of work based training. Defining the Training Process – Initial assessment, Individual learning log, Assessment carried out by qualified training and assessment co-ordinators and standards verified by internal and external verifiers/moderators. Monitoring progress, At any time requested plus a formal review, Progress file continually kept up to date. Terms and conditions. Types of training including mentors. Agreed workplace training course. Employment contract and terms and conditions in like with the company policies and employment legislation. Health & Safety – Company or college? Disciplinary principles and procedures – Company or college? Assessment appeals procedure. Preston College will provide me with a competent trainer who is able to offer me the learning, teaching support the relevant work based training, assessment, monitoring and reviews required to enable me to gain the level 3 qualification also offer me an individual work plan and programme which will be validated by the awarding body. I will comply with the terms and conditions set by both my employer and Preston College including attending work and set training sessions with my teacher, whilst working through all the units set in my own time, I will present my portfolio and work assignments for verification as requested. This agreement is to protect all parties involved, the signing of the learning agreement is to show that all parties understand what is required of them throughout the duration of the NVQ training process. WorkSkills Unit 1: 2. 1, 2. 2, 2. 3; Unit 7: 1. 1, 1. 2, 1. 4, 1. 6 PLTS SM: 1, 2, 3 Task 1c You will be required to develop an individual learning plan (ILP) as part of the induction visit. To be prepared for this, you will need to understand progression routes that are available to you and be able to set goals for completion of your framework. It is important to negotiate realistic targets to be included in your ILP. Good targets are ones that meet the SMART test. SMART targets are: †¢ Speci? c – they say exactly what you intend to do †¢ Measurable – you can prove you have reached them †¢ Achievable – they are not beyond your reach †¢ Realistic – you will have access to all the resources you will need to achieve them †¢ Time-related – you have set a deadline for completion. Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 5. BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration 1 Prepare notes on: †¢ the importance of meeting deadlines at work and in learning †¢ the importance of being organised. Being organised is key to meeting targets and deadlines, if you are not organised things can easily be missed resulting in deadlines being missed, when carrying out duties that have a deadline if a person is prepared and well organised the actual task will run a lot smoother resulting in the deadline being more likely to be made if not achieved before the deadline arrives. Organisation within the workplace is key for a healthy running business if a workload is organised it is a lot clearer what the objectives of the task are and how far they have been completed. It is important to have deadlines for tasks to keep business’s running, if no one had a deadline people are more likely to have a more relaxed attitude to completing tasks and workloads thus slowing down the productivity of the business. Then review your development needs and prepare some notes setting out: †¢ your skills and learning requirements †¢ your learning goals. I have been employed by various companies over a 12 year period mainly in administrative rolls but each business has had a variety of different administration needs, there have been customer based, reception based, retail based, admin for a single department and admin for several departments within the business, whilst I do find it beneficial to have a broad knowledge of administration skills most of my abilities are either a basic knowledge or abilities I have developed myself, I would like this course to improve the skills I have already acquired and improve my ability and standard of what I am currently capable of as well as learning new skills to develop my current profession to a very high standard. My goals are to complete the level 3 to a high standard, gain further knowledge of administration & business skills to broaden my capabilities and to be able to give a better work based performance on a day to day basis. 6 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration Finally, produce targets that you can discuss with your assessor when you meet to ? nalise your individual learning plan. These should be SMART targets, with each having clear deadlines for when they should be achieved. They should relate to: †¢ learning to be undertaken for the completion of the Apprenticeship framework †¢ managing commitments at work and in personal life while on the Apprenticeship †¢ contingency planning for learning not being completed on time. 1 I plan to complete the NVQ with a 17 month period giving myself a month per section, so I can take my time to fully absorb all information required to complete my NVQ to a high standard, to achieve this I plan to spend four hours a week of my personal time, 2 hours on research and planning and 2 hours on practical, written and presentation work, I plan to use any other free time I have in my own time to make sure I am progressing forward at a timely manor which fits in with my out of work commitments, I also plan to use any spare time I may have during working hours to achieve this. As the course must be completed in 24 months I feel that my plan for completion within 17 months gives enough time for any difficulties or unforeseen circumstances I may come across. When you have agreed your plan with your assessor, you should use your targets to check your progress. Remember to ask your assessor on each visit to sign off any targets that you have achieved and completed on time in your individual learning plan (ILP). Do this on every visit. WorkSkills Unit 1: 3. 1, 3. 2 Unit 2: 3. 1, 3. 2, 3. 3 Task 1d When deciding on progression routes, you can look at moving vertically – by going up your career path step by step – or you can move laterally – by looking to see what other careers are open to you at the same level. Administrators develop transferable skills and can ? nd jobs in many different organisations and sectors. You could also go on to further learning in full-time education. Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 7 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration 1 To complete the ? nal section of your individual learning plan, you will need to look at possible progression routes following successful completion of your Apprenticeship. In advance of your assessor’s visit, ? rst research useful sources of information on progression routes. These should cover information on further training and education as well as jobs and careers. List the most useful sources of information here. EducationCollege, adult learning – Various college websites Open University – www. open. ac.uk Full time Education through college or university – Various college and university websites TrainingIn house company training – Line Manager /HR Department Outsourced training such as day / week courses with companies such as Hemsley Fraser or GBS Corporate Training – www. hemsleyfraser. co. uk/ & www. gbscorporate. com/. CareerIn house job shadowing – Line Manager /HR Department Applying for in house promotion Applying for a similar role with better progression opportunities – www. gov. uk/jobsearch Use these sources to identify the occupational opportunities in administration and related sectors that particularly appeal to you. Compare the progression routes that you could take to access these opportunities. Administration can relate to many sectors of a business, personally I like that my current role involves admin for most of our departments as it offers a day to day variation, it also gives a broad knowledge of skills required for each department as the duties are not all the same, the variation offers the opportunity to undergo many different day / week courses to gain more knowledge of a particular department which could lead to a preferred area of the business, you could therefore concentrate on gaining knowledge for that department by job shadowing and taking more intense courses such as adult learning and further education to develop the skills to progress to a higher level in your chosen area of business. 8 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration Finally, make a note of your preferred career pathway. You should be prepared to discuss your choice when you meet with your assessor. To help you prepare for this meeting, use the space below to set out the steps required to achieve your career ambitions. 1. I personally would like to continue with my career as I feel full time education is not right for me, I would like to continue in my current role for the next approximately 2 years to acquire all the skills I feel I would need to progress, I would then like to look at team leader / junior management positions within the office / administration environment looking after a small team as I feel this would be a natural progression route, once secure in a junior management role I would like to take a further education course such as NVQ level 4 and also job shadowing to gain the skill required for a higher management position. BTEC Unit 9: 1. 1, 1. 2, 1. 3, 1. 4, 1. 5, 1. 6, 2. 1, 2. 2 WorkSkills Unit 4: 1. 1, 1. 2, 1. 3, 1. 4, 2. 1, 2. 2, 2. 3, 2. 4, 3. 1, 3. 2, 3. 3, 3. 4. PROFESSIONAL DISCUSSION Your assessor will conduct a professional discussion with you that will capture evidence necessary to prove your level of knowledge and understanding of relevant topics. Some topic areas you will need to consider when preparing for the professional discussion include: †¢ employment rights †¢ the responsibilities of the employer and the employees †¢ agreed ways of working in your organisation †¢ health, safety and security in the business environment. Your assessor will plan the content of your professional discussion and will offer advice to help you to prepare beforehand. The professional discussion may cover more than the topics considered in this section of your Workbook. Original text and illustrations  ©. Pearson Education Limited, 2011 9 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 3 Business & Administration 1 Discussion process The questioning process will offer you the opportunity to show your knowledge and understanding of employment rights and responsibilities and to assess your own performance at work. To prepare for this discussion, you should think about how you could answer the type of questions that might be asked. †¢ What is the purpose of a contract of employment? †¢ What terms and conditions are included on your own contract? †¢ What are the main areas of legislation that affect employees and employers? †¢ What are the main employer and employee responsibilities in relation to equality, diversity and discrimination? †¢ Why is it important to ensure that equality and diversity procedures are followed? †¢ What are your employer’s responsibilities for ensuring health, safety and security where you work? †¢ What are your health and safety responsibilities? Why must you comply with health, safety and security procedures? †¢ Where would you ? nd out about employment rights and responsibilities? What are the main sources of information at work, and what are the useful sources of information outside your organisation? †¢ What are the purpose, function and responsibilities of representative bodies that support employees? †¢ What procedures would you follow in the event of a grievance? †¢ What personal information must you keep up to date with your employer? †¢ What are your agreed ways of working? †¢ What information is contained in your pay statement? †¢ What are the main areas of public concern relevant to the sector in which your organisation operates? †¢ How have these concerns altered public views about the sector? 10 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011.

Wake Up essays

Wake Up essays We are approaching the point of no return, in terms of what makes this nation great. Now, we have already leaped grossly past the barrier or morality and decency in our society, but one of the few things that we have always been able to depend on is slowly slipping out of our grasp. Am I crazy? Thats a possibility but lets leave that for another time. Every little disjointed, fragmented thought from Donald Rummy Rumsfeld or from our drug-enthusiast president (soon to be dictator) sickens me. We are following blindly into the shadows of the unknown. Every reporter is labeled unpatriotic and purposely not allowed to do their jobs by reporting from the front lines. We believe every single lie that is spoon-fed to us by the military and the US government. WE HAVE LATE BREAKING NEWS from the pulpit of MIGHT, known as the White House: There is another stem added to the already corrupted governmental system. This one is called the Department of Strategic Influence, which states that the government can and will whimsically decide whether it will lie or tell us the truth on matters of importance to us.(Point of mention: this is why Daniel Pearle had to go into Pakistan on his own to find his story) We are to the point of the 50s with McCarthyism, but now instead of being in fear of being called Communist, we have to cower in the presence being unpatriotic. We are perpetuating things that dont need to be prolonged for the benefit of one boy, one ego and one exaggerated axis of power. Prediction: we will be in a permanent state of war for Bushs sake, because he is cunning in way. He saw what happened to his father, when he took time to lay his head off the table of pleasure. He witnessed that once George Bush I ended the war and had to focus on the economy, the environment and education, etc... his approval rating w ent down the drain and he was pushed out of office. Things do need ...

Gangs of NY essays

Gangs of NY essays "America was born in the streets," reads the cover of the Gangs of New York DVD. This Historical film was undoubtedly one of the most popular films of 2003. To cast Cameron Diaz, and Leonardo DiCaprio together in a ten-time academy award nominated film, Martin Scorsese must get credit for being a part of History, if not re-creating it. Over one hundred and thirty-five of the top critics agreed that it was one of the years top pictures, according to the DVD cover, but not all historical critics may have felt the same way. One in particular, a professor at Loyola University in Chicago, was very harshly critical. And in his Article, Why Myth Matters, Timothy Gilfoyle makes some interesting points about why the movie was not as historically accurate as it could have been. While analyzing the factors that influence his skepticism, it is also important to take into consideration the point of view he is coming from as a historian, as well as the views of those that see Scorseses version of the Gangs of New York as an accurate depiction. The film's thesis, put simply, is that pre-modern America was dangerously vicious, and through bloody warfare, Irish immigrants fought with protestants and other immigrants to find a place for themselves on the economic social ladder. Levels of servitiude and heroism were differentiated by this bloody warfare and street violence. Even during the Civil War, the great turning point in American history, the Union was hardly unified. Within that context, before the advent of professional police forces, social services, and housing codes, urban slum-dwellers led their lives in chaotic, desperate, sometimes violent circumstances. Gangs warred over territorial grounds competing with corrupt police and others that posed as a threat to the immigrant evolution in America. Gangs of New York makes the attempt to re-create this history in a bloody, filthy, and slum...

The Many Sides of Odysseus throughout the Epic story of the Odyssey Essay

The Many Sides of Odysseus throughout the Epic story of the Odyssey - Essay Example In each and every adventure that befalls Odysseus we see various facets of his character and his wanderings are seen as stages in development of humanity as a whole. We learn about ourselves through Odysseus while realizing that each stage of our life is a learning exercise: we live as we learn. The Odyssey, a tale of Odysseus’ journey back home after long years at war is also the tale of his spiritual journey through his own soul. As Odysseus leaves Troy for home, he is the typical bloodthirsty warrior. He leaves Troy feeling almost immortal and this pride is what leads to his downfall. In the course of his journey, Odysseus undergoes a symbolic death and rebirth and in the end becomes an epic hero regaining power over his household and has restored order to his life. Upon his arrival in Ithaca, it is evident that he has become a wiser man- more humble and more respectful. Homer skillfully inter-relates adventures, feelings and experiences of his characters. The vivid description and expressive language make the reading understandable to any age and social group. Even though the story is mythical, filled with ghosts, monsters and giants, the main themes can be interrelated with today’s issues of scheming, cunning, struggle for survival, race New facets of Odysseus’ character are revealed through each of his adventures. After Odysseus and his men depart from Troy, they land in Ismara. After looting the city Odysseus wisely tells his men to board the ships quickly, but they pay no heed and the next morning, the crew is attacked by the Ciconians. Odysseus manages to escape with tears in his eyes for his lost crew. â€Å"But Odysseus, clutching his flaring sea-blue cape in both powerful hands, drew it over his head and buried his handsome face† He does not disclose his identity to the Ciconians showing that he is capable of thinking ahead of his opponent displaying his superior

Employee Training and Development Research Paper

Employee Training and Development - Research Paper Example (Cormier) Training enhances the skills, knowledge, new information, and cultural awareness of an organization. The transfer is accomplished when the subject matter of the training is passed to the members of the organization, who then apply the skill set in the job environment. While the transfer of training process sounds simple and rudimentary, several barriers exists that can hinder the transfer of training process, or even nullify it completely. It is essential to understand the barriers to training in order to enhance the success of transfer of training. Several common barriers exist; lack of reinforcement on the job, non-supportive organizational culture, immediate work environment interference, impractical training programs, irrelevant training content, discomfort with change, lack of inspiration or support of the trainer, poorly designed / delivered training, and pressures from peers to resist change associated with training. Barriers to training exist in every organization t o varying degrees. (Broad) These barriers all hinder the importance of the training process and can mitigate the positive effects intended by the training process.

Strategic Mapping Of A Dubai Based Hospitality Organization - Jebel Essay

Strategic Mapping Of A Dubai Based Hospitality Organization - Jebel Ali International - Essay Example Jebel International Hotel strategies will be analysed using tools for business analysis such as SWOT, five forces model and value chain management. The Dubai Based Hospitality Organisation Jebel Ali Gold Resort & Spa is located in Jebel Ali, 2.5 Km away. It a forty minutes drive from Dubai International Airport and city centre. The hotel is situated in 128 acres piece of land with stunning natural feature. The hotel is housed in a five storey building commonly known as the legend of Dubai. The entrance to the hotel is signified by its famous blue marble that is faceable from a distance meaning one is entering a world class hotel. Within the building are a number of shops and boutiques where the hotel guests do their shopping. Many people prefer to take their family at this hotel or even for business stay. 1 Jebel International hotel is part of Dutco Group of Companies that was established by Yousuf Baker in 1947. The late Sheikh Rashid Bin Saeed Al Maktoum re-constituted the company the same year and it became Limited Liability Company. 2 The management of the hotel ensure that they spot the emerging trend in what their customers look for in a hotel. They ensure they identify a new opportunity for exploitation in order for them to have a large market share in terms of hotel clients. The demographic analysis shows that Jebel Ali Gold Resort & Spa is located in a conducive environment for the purpose of attracting more customers and retaining the current one. This was done after doing a feasibility study in their market and hotel industry at large and offers what their competitors are not offering. This ensures that the hotel made better decisions in terms of marketing and facilities for their hotel. (Jebel Ali International Hotels, 2006) By forecasting on their customers' tastes and preferences, the management of Jebel International Hotel are able to satisfy them by ensuring they offer world class services in their hotel. This competitive advantage ensures that the hotel attracts and retains customers and by the time their competitors adopt their new technology, they have already made enough sales. Jebel International Hotel has strengths for being one of the leading companies in the hospitality industry in the Middle East. This is so because it has created a brand name in the industry thereby it has a strength against it competitors. Strengths also can be seen in the capacity of the Hotel. The hotel is built in a five storey building hence it has a large capacity in terms of accommodating visitors. Since the hotel has a large visitor's capacity, it is able to accommodate more visitors against its competitors. Rarely can one get at their hotels and miss a room to stay. Visitors to the hotel are usually welcomed and escorted to their beautiful rooms. This excellent customer service ensures that customers always come back after being treated well by the employees of the hotel. This kind of strength enables the hotel to always prevail in the market in terms of the number of visitor's visiting the hotel. This increase the sales of the company hence they remunerate their employees fairly. 3 The infrastructure on the other hand are excellent hence are strengths to the Hotel thereby ensure that the hotel

Meaning of life Essay Example for Free

Meaning of life Essay Existentialism as a philosophy is concerned with the meaning of our existence and the non- existence of a spiritual figure to mould our being. This philosophy was created as early the early 1900s, but mid 20th Century Philosophers Albert Camus and Jean Paul Sartre are seen as the fathers the movement. Existentialism can be seen as a major influence on the Theatre of the Absurd as it is uses theatrical effects in order to show the way in which man uses endless and futile ways to distract from the meaninglessness of his existence. Other themes that are evident in absurd plays are that of the devaluation of language and our entrapment in an Absurd existence. Devaluation of Language As characters who speak completely different languages, we are unable to communicate verbally and are forced to using gestures and appropriate sounds. The language barrier causes a lot of frustration and exhaustion and at many times conflict between our two characters because no matter how important or trivial the words that the person is saying- they serve no purpose as neither understands the other. After a short fight, my character begins to rant in her language, leaving Niina’s character confused and unsure of what to do. She then retreats back to her place on the opposite part of the ‘island’ whilst I continue to express my frustration. The space between us symbolises our aloneness at being able to communicate directly with each other. Entrapment in an Absurd Existence As two people who do not understand each other and are stranded on an island there is not much that can be done. As a means to fill our boredom my character started to hum a tune and was slowly but surely joined by my companion with a drum beat that she had added. Niina’s character who is very pessimistic comes to her senses and realises the meaninglessness of the entire exercise. This drives her to attempt to kill herself. An absurd existence is one which is full of meaningless distractions and once a person realises this they come into conflict with their existence and is driven towards two different choices: To free oneself from the meaninglessness- which Niina’s character attempted to do, or to hope for change or for the discovery of meaning like my character. We are adrift in a world devoid of purpose As our characters use diversions to avoid facing the meaninglessness of our lives, like how our two characters play a game to pass the time. But as time goes on, Niina’s character voices her frustration of the situation: that, having already been stranded for some time, we are not likely to be rescued. This presents the question of whether there is a point of living when there is neither future ahead nor purpose for you. This is another contributing reason as to why Niina’s character attempts to kill her self. My character has a different way of viewing this situation as she has held on to her faith to give her purpose. She has also found purpose in trying to keep her companion from killing herself. The island improvisation reflected the strong themes of Existentialism in Absurd Theatre through the staging of the conflict created between our two conflicting characters. Unable to linguistically understand each other, language as a tool of communication becomes useless and we are forced use a small game in order to distract ourselves from the reality of the situation and the meaninglessness of our existence on an island where we have no purpose. -

A Sociological Perspective Of Structural Functionalism

A Sociological Perspective Of Structural Functionalism The criminal behaviour of Robert Pickton can be examined through the sociological feminist perspective. There are numerous factors throughout Picktons life that could have served significantly towards his deviant behaviour. The feeling of male dominance could have led the man to express his anger and superiority on the opposite sex. As a result, this unacceptable behaviour raises confliction between the two genders; this exemplifies a feminist theory of female oppression. Throughout his youthful year, Pickton may have encountered neglect from a female figure, which could have played an influence on the behaviourism of this serial killer. For example, hostile affection from a mother may have caused Pickton to bottle up his anger to the point where he used criminal acts as a release in his elder years. These later acts could be a mirror reflection to the actions of his mother therefore causing him to avenge his past experiences by murdering as many other women as possible. Taking a look at the Marxist Feminism theory can also serve in sociologically analyzing the behaviour of Robert Pickton. This theory examines the lack of balance in terms of men and women in an economic outlook. Stereotypical roles and class hierarchies divide the two sexes; for example, women are to take on the housewives roles whereas men are more of the working money makers. Pickton may have based his attacks on a lower class level than he assumed himself to be in. He was a farmer who produced and well as distributed food to others, yet due to the fact that many of the women were prostitutes and drug addicts (CBC News), Pickton clearly picked on this class for a reason. Perhaps he felt that this specific target group was helpless, and had a negative effect on the world. The imbalanced regard to class groups may have numbed Picktons feelings of guilt or awareness to the fact that he was murdering countless women uncontrollably. Robert Picktons choice of targeting a specific group o f women, let alone women in general, goes to show the sociological perspective of feminism in this case. Psychological Perspective: Psychoanalysis Thorough psychological analysis of his thinking process, consisting of both his conscious and unconscious mind, can help with focusing on the psychoanalysis of Picktons behaviour. The Id, according to Freud, is driven solely by impulses. In the case of Pickton, the impulse was sexual, seeing as the women he murdered were all sex workers. It is only fair to assume that he resorted to these specific women for a specific reason, to satisfy his needs. His sexual impulses led to his Id satisfying them. There is also a chance that Pickton was experiencing internal conflict which led to the outcomes of his decided behaviour. The Id has no care for reality, or the needs of anyone else, merely its own satisfaction. To continue the analysis of Picktons behaviour, we must now take a look at his ego. Considering an ego develops through experience, it is possible that Picktons uncontrollable urge to kill women was a result from being neglected in his early years by a motherly figure. Being motivated by unconscious conflicts, Picktons ego weakened as his unresolved mental struggle in regards to hatred of an important motherly figure from his youth may have caused his murderous acts. He may have been battling for acceptance or love and lost, hence why afterwards he probably felt in need of retribution against his mothers rejection. The feeling of betrayal or rejection by a female likely outsourced Picktons jealous rage. Picktons super-ego, alike to his ego, can also be seen as weak. This murderers conscious had to have been aware that his acts were wrong and socially unacceptable; he chose to disregard the difference between right and wrong as still act out in a poor manner. Additionally, Picktons sense of childhood rejection may have caused him to lose trust and view the world as an undependably hopeless place. This mistrust has a direct correlation and affect to his social interaction and his personality. His criminal acts were a mean of expressing the unconscious conflicts that have not been resolved. His superegos failure to develop is largely due to his inability to identify with his parental figure as well as lack of internalization of parental and social norms, values and morals. Without a fully developed superego, Pickton was missing his conscience and had no empathy for others. The ids domination of his superego caused it to weaken and easily influence him toward urging violent criminal beh aviour. Freudians would characterize Picktons behaviour by having a weak ego, absent super-ego and a strong id. Anthropologic Perspective: Sociocultural Anthropology Inside on Robert Picktons social life can give us an anthropological insight in terms of his behaviour. Going back a few years, it seems as though Roberts relationships and social interaction were not fully developed. Being rejected in an attempt to build social interactions could definitely have caused Pickton to feel inferior. As this feeling of rejection continued, it developed into anger which he then chose to release through attacking the initial source of it all, women. Due to the womens clear inability to defend themselves, Pickton matured a sense of superiority which built motivation to continue his attacks. Growing up, Pickton may have been exposed to excessive amounts of media violence which may have played a toll on his later behaviour. Media has become one of the most powerful weapons in the world. Since society as a whole is our means of expression, Pickton probably became a victim of conformity. The battle of conformity may seem impossible to conquer; it is a battle that will murder an individuals qualities, and the only way to triumph it is through conscious awareness of its outcome. It is evident that this man is not intact with his conscious, meaning he is either prone to making bad decisions by disregarding their consequences or he was never given taught any better. Examining Picktons targets, female prostitutes, may correlate with his values, morals and also the economic inequalities of women in the society he grew up in. Seeing as his outlook of women was already poor, prostitution may have been another concern of his. Pickton worked on his farm, meaning he performed physical labour in order to earn his living. On the other hand, prostitution in the view of Pickton may have been a career that earned a living off of pleasure rather than pain; this might have been an unfair and morally unacceptable way to earn a living in the eyes of this murderer. From this, the man may have not felt any sympathy for these women, so he decided to indulge his guilt-free attitude in the killing of a specifically characterized group of targets. Hypothesis for Research of a Serial Killer To understand the reason for a serial killers motives, we must investigate the conscious and unconscious mind by taking a look at the id, ego, and superego. This will help to determine the driving principle of the criminal, the pleasure they were seeking, their ability to differentiate between right and wrong, and the power and development of the id, ego and superego. Feminists would examine the perspective of women and their rights within a society, particularly one dominated by men. Social systems, structures and issues in relevance to women will be put to the grand focus. Structural functionalists regard crime as a necessary and constant part of society. In a given society, the majority of people identify, acknowledge and adhere to a shared set of moral guidelines and rules through legal punishment and public offense. Crime is crucial to society because it sets the legal system and develops a shared set of moral guidelines. A drastic increase in criminal behaviour loses peoples trust and cohesion. Yet, unusual decreases in crime sets the impression that people have no individuality or freedom, as well as do not share moral guidelines to differentiate between right and wrong. Therefore, the stability of a crime rate has a direct relation to the health of a society. We must also take a look at the survival of society and how criminals become outcasts to the structural norms. Ones inability to recognize their place in society, creating an uncertain status, may cause them to deviate from what is acceptable socially. When conducting research on a serial killer, one must explore and gain insight on the psychoanalytic, feminist, and functionalist perspectives. The collaboration of these perspectives will allow for a thorough understanding in terms of a criminals urge for multiple killings.